Scraper



Sept. 3-, 1946.

H c. FRENCH ETAL S CRAPER Filed Sept. 28, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept. 3,1946. H. c. FRENCH ETAL 2,406,826

SCRAPER Filed Sept. 28, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORJ a 9 BY 77 V mm aSept. 3, 1946- H. c. FRENCH ETAL SCRAPER Filed se t 28, 1944 5Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Sept. 3, 1946 SCRAPER.

Henry C. French, Elm Grove, and Norman V. ,Kuehlman, Milwaukee, Wis.,assignors to The Heil Co., Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Wis-Application September 28, 1944, Serial No. 556,113

14 Claims. 1 This invention relates to improvements in scrapers.

A general object of the invention is to provide a. highly efficient,relatively inexpensive and practical scraper arranged for front loadingand dumping, and wherein the scraper mechanism is operated by a simpleandpositive mechanism, the scraper being operatively associated with astandard crawler tractor to which a portion of the scraper operatingmechanism may be extended.

A. further object of the invention is to provide 7 a simple,mechanically operated scraper, susceptible of being readily serviced bythe average mechanic, and having an unrestricted open top permittingloading when desired, with a power shovel.

A further object of the invention is to provide a scraper which isunderslung in character with a high front frame, being particularlyadapted for use in connection with high speed, rubber tired tractors.

A further object of .the invention is to provide a scraper having anovel mechanism for transmitting motion from an operating member to the.controllable members of the scraper which includes an independentlyrotatable cross shaft to which motion is transmitted by a swinging arm,said rotatable cross shaft causing the front apron and bowl bottom tomove in proper sequence for bowl loading and unloading.

A further object of the invention is to provide a scraper wherein themovable elements, includingthe apron and bowl bottom, return to theirnormal positions through the action of gravity,

thereby eliminating the necessity for spring or latch means to hold saidparts in their down positions.

A further object of the invention is to provide a scraper having asimple, novel and effective mechanism for operating the bowl bottom orfloor and the apron, said mechanism being adapted for actuation eitherby a cable, or by a. hydraulic jack.

A further object of the invention is to provide a scraper having atiltable bowl floor and a swingable front apron, the arrangement beingsuch that a common mechanism is utilized for operation of both, but thatthe sequence of operation of said floor and; apron is such that. theapron may have: imparted thereto: a limited movement Without anymovement being imparted to the bowlfloor.

A furtherobject. of the. invention is to provide a. scraper which is.strong; and; durable, is easy to control and service, and is welladapted for the purposes described.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists of theimproved scraper, and its parts and combinations as set forth in theclaims, and all equivalents thereof.

In the accompanying drawings in which the same reference charactersindicate the same parts in all of the views:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view through one form of thescraper, wherein the operating mechanism is cable actuated, showing theparts in digging or scraping position;

Fig, 2 is a similar longitudinal vertical sectional view through thesame form of scraper, showing the parts in dumping or unloadingposition;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of said scraper in the condition shown in Fig. 2,with parts broken away and in section;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view through another form ofscraper wherein the operating mechanism is hydraulically actuated, theparts being in digging or scraping position; and

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the hydraulic jacks, controls, andfluidsystem for the latter form of scraper.

The scraper of the present invention is exemplified as one wherein theforward end of the scraper is adapted to be supported directly by atractor. By this arrangement, the substantial crawler mechanism of thetractor is brought into action to support a large portion of the weightofthe scraper and its load. The scraper, as thus arranged, is relativelyinexpensive, and possesses great maneuverability.

Referring now more particularly to the form of the invention shown inFigs. 1, 2 and 3 of the drawings, the improved cable-operated scrapershown therein by way of illustration, comprises a sturdy open frontframe ill of U-formation. A connecting arm II is rigidly connected tothe front transverse member of said frame I0, intermediate its sides,and the same projects forwardly and is downwardly curved to permit itsbeing universally movably engaged with the draw bar of a crawler tractor(not shown). As is conventional, the tractor has mounted on its rearportion, a power control unit, and the drums thereof are adapted to havewound and unwound thereon operating and control cables l2 and [3 whosearrangement will be described more fully hereinafter;

Associated with the front frame It and extending rearwardly thereof is abowl frame I4 which includes transverse box sections I5 and I6 and arear axle H, the bowl frame being pivotal on the rear axle, and the rearaxle carrying wheels I8. Bearing arms I9 extend rearwardly from the bowlframe box section I5 and have journalled therein a transverse shaft 20.The rear ends of the upper longitudinal members of the front frame II]have welded thereto extension arms 2| engaging bearings on the outerends of the cros shaft 20. It will thus be evident that the front of thescraper is supported by a tractor, the rear of the scraper is supportedby the wheels I 8 and the scraper frames II] and I4 are so articulatedthat they may jack-knife relative to each other.

Within the bowl frame I4 a dirt-carrying bowl is defined by separated,rigidly mounted side plates 22, a rear wall 23 (whose peculiarconstruction will be explained more fully), and a movable bowl floor 24.Hingedly connected to the lower edge of the floor 24 is a transversecutting blade 25, the blade being rigidly associated with the bowlframe. The upper or inner edge of the bowl floor 24 has hingedlyconnected thereto a closure plate 25 which cooperates with the rear wallin a manner to be hereinafter explained. In the hinged connection forsaid plate 26 is a stop to prevent undesired forward movement of saidplate beyond a limit.

As will appear from Fig. 3, the rear portion of the bowl frame I4 is ofless breadth than the bowl forwardly thereof. Extended transverselyacross the lower intermediate portion of the rear of the bowl frame is abeam 27 which supports an open housing 28. There is longitudinallymovably associated with said housing a push column 29 carrying at itsrear end a transverse shaft 35 on the opposite ends of which pairs ofsheaves 3I-32 and 33-34 are revolubly mounted. Forwardly of thecolumn-carried sheaves 3I32 and 33-34 are pairs of revoluble sheaves35-36 and 3I38, the pairs being on opposite sides of the push column,alined with the rearwardly disposed pairs of sheaves, and mounted in thehousing 28.

A pair 'of complementary spaced apart arms are indicated by the numerals39. The upper ends of said arms are mounted fast on intermediateportions of the revoluble cross shaft 20. The forward end portion of thepush column 29 extends between intermediate portions of the arms 39, andis pivotally connected thereto by a cross-connecting pin 45. The forwardor outer ends of the arms 39 are connected by a shaft or pin 4| on whichis j ournalled a roller 42.

Between the lower forward edge portions of the side plates of the rearreduced portion of the bowl frame I4 is an opening through which thearms 39 are adapted to be swung. When it is desired to raise the bowlfloor 24, the push column 29 is projected forwardly, by means later-tobe described, and this causes a clockwise swinging movement (relative tothe drawings) of the arms 39 fast on the shaft 29, turning said shaft.The arms are thereupon swun through the front opening of the reducedportion of the bowl frame and the arm-carried roller 42 then contacts atrack 43 on a rear surface portion of the bowl floor 24. Continuedmovement of said arms in the direction described is effective tohingedly move the floor toward a vertical position, as in Fig. 2, forload dumping purposes, the floor hinging relative to the rigidly mountedcutting blade 25. Depending from the lower edge of the upper plate 23 ofthe rear wall is a hingedly mounted flapper plate 44 which is lifted tothe position of Fig. 2 to permit the necessary amount of movement of thearms 39.

When the push column i moved rearwardly. it will carry with it in areverse direction said floor-lifting arms 39, the same withdrawingthrough the front opening in the reduced portion of the bowl frame andgravity permits the bowl floor 24 to return to its lowered position, asin Fig. 1, wherein its inner end portion rests on the transverse boxsection member I 5 and extends thereabove. The recession of the arms 39permits the hinged rear wall flapper plate 44 to drop to a closingposition, as in Fig. 1, and the hinged plate carried by the inner orupper end of the floor 24 overlaps the depending plate 44,

as in Fig. 1, and cooperates therewith and with the fixed plate 23thereabove in providing a complete closed rear wall for the bowl whenthe parts are in digging or load-carrying positions.

The scraper assembly also includes a load-confining front apron 45having integral opposite side arms 46 disposed between and swingablysuspended from the side walls 22 of the bowl by means of alined pivotpins 41. The apron has its lower transverse cutoff edge 48 cooperablewith and swingable adjacent the cutting blade 25 of the bowl floorwhereby material may be confined within the space bounded by the bowlside walls 22, the bowl floor 24 and the bowl rear.

There are mounted fast on outer end portions of the shaft 20 so as toturn therewith projecting levers 49. Clevises 50 are pivotally attachedto the outer ends of these levers and the rear ends of flexibleconnections 5! are afiixed to said clevises. The forward ends of theflexible connections 5| carry clevises 52, which are pivotally attachedto intermediate portions of the side arms 46 of the apron 45.

The sheave and cable lacing arrangement for the scraper will now bedescribed. The cable I3 is for the purpose of raising and lowering theentire bowl assembly. As was previously mentioned, said cable extendsforwardly to a winch drum mounted on a tractor to which the scraper iscoupled. From the winch drum, said cable I3 is extended rearwardly,engages under a vertical sheave 53 mounted on one side of the lowerportion of the front frame connecting arm I I. From the sheave 53, saidcable I3 then passes over an upper sheave 54, also carried by the frontframe connecting arm, and then the cable extends rearwardly and about asheave 55, which is revolubly carried by a bracket 56 extending upwardlyfrom a transverse front upper'box frame section 51 integral with thefront frame I0. Said bracket 56 also has revolubly mounted thereonalined upper sheaves 58, 59, 60 and BI. Mounted on a forward uppertransverse box frame member 62 of the bowl frame is a bracket 63 whichalso carries on a horizontal axis, a series of lower alined sheaves 64,said lower heaves corresponding in number to the upper sheaves to SI,inclusive. From the upper sheave 55, which is engaged by the cable I3,the cable is first passed downwardly about one of the lower sheaves 64,and then it extends alternately upwardly and downwardly, passing aboutall of the upper and lower sheaves previously specified. The result ofthis arrangement is that when a forward pull is imposed on the cable I3,a scissors or jackknifing action will be imparted as between the frontframe I0 and the bowl frame, the latter pivoting on the wheel axle I1.Fig. 1 represents acoaeao causes the lower sheaves 64 to be drawn towardthe upper front frame-carried sheaves 55-451..

While. the cable I3: is for the purpose of raising and lowering theentire. bowl, assembly, the cable I2 i for the purpose. of controlling,in proper sequence, the. movements of the front apron 4.5 and the bowl:floor 2.4. Said cable, 12, extending rearwardly from the winch. drum,extends. under a vertical sheave 65. on the, front frame arm I I andthen passes upwardly and over an arm carried sheave 6 6. A horizontalsheave 61 on thefront transverse member of the front frame then engages;the .cable and directs. it latorally to. a sheave E8; borne by a forwardside portion of the front frame. A. sheave 69 at the rear of the frontframe, on the same side as the sheave 68. then. engages the cable anddirects it diagonallyrearwardly inwardly to a vertical, angularlydirected sheave 10 mounted on the housing 28. The sheave 10 directs thecable to the sheave 35 whichin turn guides it rearwardly to sheave 3i.After extending about the latter sheave the cable then passes forwardlyand about sheave 36 and then rearwardly to sheave 32. From the latterheave the cable then extends about an intermediate, housing-carriedsheave 1| from whence .it passes to the sheaves on the other side of thepush column 29 including in the order named, sheaves 33, 31, 34 and 38.The cable is dead-ended after engaging the lastmentioned sheave.

If it be assumed that the parts are first in the digging or loadingposition. of Fig. 1, from the description of the cable arrangement givenit should be obvious that a pull on the. cable is. ef-. fective to exertan end thrust on the rear end of the push. column 2-9. which carries thecableengaged sheaves iii-32 and 33-34,. This end thrust forces the pushcolumn forwardly also swinging forwardly the arm 39 which are pivotallyconnected'to the push column. As the upp r en of said arms are mountedfast on the revoluble cross shaft 20 said cross shaft will be turned ina clockwise direction (referring to. the drawings) and the levers 49will. be swung rearwardly. This action will impose a rearward pull onthe flexible connections to elevatethe apron i5. ultimately to .the fullopen, unloading position of Fig. 2.

The arrangement of movable parts and se quence of operation is such thatthe initial pull on the cable 12 will first cause the front apron 45 tobe elevated at desired distance and this initial relatively short upwardmovement of the apron is relatively rapid. A limited pull on and releaseof the cable [2 may therefore be used to control limited opening and,closing movement of the apron independently of any movement of the bowlfloor. Following the initial limited movement of the apron, the rollerends of the arms 3.9 will contact and kick the bowl fiOOr 24, swingingthe same from the down position of Fig; 1 toward the relatively uprightdumping position of Fig. .2. The initial movement of the bowl floor isrelatively slow and following deceleration of.

the upward movement of the apron. the movement of the floor toward itsdumping position is accelerated. As long as the cable l2 is maintainedin a taut wound condition by the tractor winch, the parts will remain inthe dumping position of Fig. 2.. To return the parts to normal po itionit is merely necessary to slacheuup on the cable 12.. whereupon thefloor and front apro com mence returning to their lowered p tions togather. Toward, the lower end of its movement the apron acceleratesdropping. It will be noted that the Weight f the front apronv is o warly f its. axis of pivotal movement and hence ravity returns t to its d nposition when the cable is: slack. The down m vement of e. p n imposes ap ll. on the flexible connections 51 which. through the levers 49,turns, the cros shaft 20. in a reverse irection and also swing ng orctracti g he. arms 3 This is effective o withdraw or move th push.column. 29 rearwardly. Of: course as the arms 39: are withdrawn, thesupport. for the tilted floor 2.4 re edes and gravity causes: the floorto drop to it lowered position- Both the apron and the floor maintaintheir nor m l; lowered positions throu h gravity. and no springs orlatches. are required for this purpose.

.As was previously suggest d, after the scrap r has been loaded, and theload is to e transported. the entire.- bowl assembly is eleva ed througha pull imposed on thecable l3. 'I'OcOnfine the load prior to dumping;the cutoff edge 48, of, the apron engages the bowl floor bladeZii.

As will be observed .from Figure 3., the, scraper is open on its topside, and there are no obstructions extended thereover. This adapts thescraper to being loaded by a power shovel when desired. It. will also beobserved that the scraper is, underslung in character, and this, inaddition to. the high front. frame. particularly adapt the scraper foruse with a. high speed rubber tired ractor. The main operating. cable H,in the form of the invention described, is effective, When pulled toexert an endthrust on the rear end of the. longitudinally movable pushcolumn, and this in turn. swings the floor contacting arms 39 andrevolves the cross shaft 2!] which then transmits a pullingfome t theapron through the connections described. The mechanical peration of. thescraper is very simple. result in a relatively inexpensive mechanismwhich i susceptible of being readily serviced by an average mechanic.

Fig, 4 illustrates the invention as applied to an hydraulically operatedscraper; As the scraper proper i similar to that described in connectionwith the principal iorm of the invention, the description thereof willnot be repeated, it being observed that those elements in Fig. 4 bearingprimedref erence numeralseorrespond to the parts in Figs. 1 to 3,inclusive, bearing unprimed reference. numerals.

The scraper assemblage of Fig. 4, as in the principal form of theinvention, includes a revoluble cross shaft 20 having a pair of joinedcomplementary spaced apart arms 39' mounted fast at their upper ends onsaid cross shaft so as to turn therewith. The roller equipped lower endsof said arms are adapted to be swung through the bowl rear opening intocontact with the track 43' on the bowl floor 24'.

The means for oscillating said arms comprise an hydraulic jack 1'5intermediately pivotally mounted on a trunnion 16 within the housing 28.The piston rod H of the hydraulic jack extends to and is pivotallyconnected with the arms 39", as at 18. Thus, the projection of thepiston rod ll of th hydraulic jack through the action of a fluid forcedinto the jack cylinder against the work surface of the piston rod pistonwill swing the arms 39' in a clockwise direction relative to Fig. 4,turning the cross shaft 20. This cross shaft carries angularly directedlevers 49' from which are extended cables connecting with the apron 48.When turning movement is imparted to the shaft 20 in the properdirection, through movement of the arms 38', the apron 46' may be raisedfrom a bowl closing position to a loading position, as in Fig. 4. Due tothe fact that the arm 39' may have considerable movement before theyengage and tilt the bowl floor 24', the limited opening and closingmovement may be imparted to the apron 46' through a limited swingingmovement of the arms independently of any movement of the bowl floor24'. However, as in the principal form of the invention when the arms39' are oscillated forwardly, there will first be the independentraising of the front apron 45 a limited distance. This initial movementof the apron is relatively rapid. As further movement is imparted to thearms 39' in the same direction, the roller ends of the arms will thencontact and move the bowl floor 24' swinging the same toward arelatively upright dumping position, and this movement of the bowl flooris accompanied by an additional elevation of the apron. As was pointedout, the initial movement of the apron is rapid, and when the arms comeinto contact with the bowl floor, the initial movement of the bowl flooris relatively slow. However, continued upward movement of the apron isdecelerated while continued upward movement of the bowl floor isaccelerated.

In the hydraulically actuated arrangement shown in Fig. 4, there isanother hydraulic jack 18 mounted relatively vertically on the frontframe member It, the same being pivotally carried as at 80 on framebrackets 8|. Th piston rod 82 of said hydraulic jack depends and ispivotally connected with brackets 83 mounted on the transverse boxsection 62 on the forward portion of the bowl frame. It will, therefore,be evident that actuation of the hydraulic jack [9 is effective to causejackknifing movements of th front frame and bowl frame relative to eachother by which means the entire bowl assembly may be raised or lowered.

Fig. 5 illustrates schematically the hydraulic jacks, controls and fluidsystem for the form of the invention last described. An oil or hydraulicfluid supply tank i indicated therein by the numeral 84. In actualpractice this tank may be mounted on the tractor (not shown) with whichthe scraper is connected for operation. Oil supply lines or conduits 85and 86 connect with different portions of the supply tank or reservoir84, the conduit 85 being a return conduit. Included in the other conduitand mounted wherever convenient, preferably on the tractor, is aconventional oil pump 81. The other ends of the conduits 85 and 85 enterand communicate with the chambers of a conventional two-way hydraulicvalve 88, the latter being preferably mounted on the forward end of thescraper frame It) and having control levers 89 which extend forwardly soas to be accessible to the tractor operator. From the valve member 88are conduits 98 and 9| which extend to and communicate with interiorportions of the casing of the jack 19 on opposite sides of th jackpiston 92. Also extended from the valve 88 are conduits 93 and 94, whichcommunicate with different portions of the interior of the jack casing15 on opposite portions of the piston 95 therein. Obviously,manipulation of the control lever 89 is effective to control the flow ofoil under pressure through the various conduits for projecting orretracting the pistons in the hydraulic jacks l5 and 19. As wasexplained, operation of these hydraulic jacks is effective to raise andlower the entire bowl assembly and to manipulate the front apron 46' andto tilt or lower the bowl floor 24'.

From the foregoing description, it will be apparent that the improvedscraper, whether cable or hydraulically actuated, utilizes a revolublecross shaft to which motion is imparted by swingable arms, to controlmovement of the front apron and likewise thecross shaft and arm assemblyis effective to raise and lower the bowl floor. The improved scraper isof simple and novel construction, is efiicient in operation, and is welladapted for the purpose described.

What is claimed as the invention is:

1. In a scraper, a front frame, a bowl frame pivotally connected withthe front frame and including a bowl structure open at its front end, awheeled support on which the bowl frame is pivotally mounted, said bowlstructure including a rigidly mounted forward earth cutting blade, amovable bowl floor hingedly connected with said blade, and an apronpivotally mounted relative to the bowl structure and controlling theopen front end thereof, oscillatable means mounted on the bowl frame,and means for transmitting motion from the oscillatable means to theapron to move the same so as to expose the front end of the bowlstructure, the oscillatable means being spaced from but movable intoengagement with the bowl floor to tilt the latter to a dumping position.

2. In a scraper, a front frame, a bowl frame pivotally connected withthe front frame and including a bowl structure open at its front end, awheeled support on which the bowl frame is pivotally mounted, said bowlstructure including a rigidly mounted forward earth cutting blade, amovable bowl floor hingedly connected with said blade, and an apronpivotally mounted relative to the bowl structure and controlling theopen front end thereof, oscillatable means mounted on the bowl frame,and means for transmitting motion from the oscillatable means to theapron to move the same so as to expose the front end of the bowlstructure, the oscillatable means being spaced from but movable intoengagement with the bowl floor to tilt the latter to a dumping positionfollowing a predetermined limited movement of the apron.

3. In a scraper, a front frame, a bowl frame pivotally connected withthe front frame and including a bowl structure open at its front end, awheeled support on which the bowl frame is pivotally mounted, said bowlstructure including a rigidly mounted forward earth cutting blade, amovable bowl floor hingedly connected with said blade, and an apronpivotally mounted relative to the bowl structure and controlling theopen front end thereof, oscillatable means mounted on the bowl frame andultimately contactable with the bowl floor for causing the same to tiltto a dumping position, and a connection between the oscillatable meansand the apron immediately effective upon movement of the oscillatablemeans to transmit motion from the latter to the apron to move the sameso as to expose the front end of the bowl structure.

4. In a scraper, a front frame, a bowl frame pivotally connected withthe front frame and including a bowl structure open at its front end, awheeled support on which the bowl frame is pivotally mounted, said bowlstructure including a rigidly mounted forward. earth cutting blade, amovable bowl floor hingedly connected with said blade, and an apronpivotally mounted relative to the bowl structure and controlling theopen front end thereof, oscillatabl'e means mounted on the bowl frameandhaving a portion movable toward the bowl floor for causing the sameto tilt to a dumping position when in contact therewith, means extendingfrom the oscillatable means to the apron to transmit motion from theoscillatable means to the apron to move the latter so as to expose thefront "end of the bowl structure, and means under the control of asingle operating member and extending to said oscillatable means forswinging said osclllatable means in one direction, said oscillatablemeans being so mounted that gravity and the weight of the membersoperated thereby will cause the same to move in the I oppositedirection.

5. In a scraper, a wheeled, articulated'supportin-g frame, a bowlstructure included in a portion of said supporting frame and open at itsfront end, said bowl structure including a tiltable bowl ing frame, abowl structure included in a portion of said supporting frame and openat its front end, said bowl structure including a tiltable bowl floorand a forward earth cutting blade with which said floor is hingedlyconnected, an apron pivotally associated with the bowl structure andcontrolling the open front end thereof, an arm mounted on the bowlstructure and swingable in one direction to ultimately tilt and supportthe bowl floor, cable operated means associated with said arm to swingit in said direction, said arm being caused to swing in a returndirection by gravity, and motion transmitting means between the arm andthe apron for moving the latter when the arm is moved.

7. In a scraper, a frame, a bowl structure included in a portion of theframe and open at its front end, said bowl structure including atiltable bowl floor and a forward earth cutting blade with which saidfloor is hingedly connected, an apron pivotally associated with the bowlstructure and controlling the open front end thereof, a rigidreciprocatable member mounted in the frame, an arm swingably associatedwith the frame to move into contact with the bowl floor to tilt andsupport the latter, said arm being connected with the reciprocatablemember to be impelled thereby, cable means applied to the reciprocatablemember to move it in a direction to engage the arm with the bowl floor,and mechanical connections between the arm and the apron for causing theapron to move to bowl opening position immediately upon movement of thereciprocatable member in the stated direction.

8. In a scraper, a frame, a bowl structure included in a portion of theframe and open at its front end, said bowl structure including atiltable bowl floor and a forward earth cutting blade with which saidfloor is hingedly connected, an apron pivotally associated with the bowlstructure and controlling the open front end thereof, a push columnreciprocatably movably mounted in the "mediately'upon movement of thepush column in the stated direction.

:9. In ascraper, a frame, a bowl structure included in a portion of theframe and open at its front end, means closing the rear end of the bowlstructure including a movable gate, said bowl structure including atil-tabl bowl floor and a forward earth cutting blade with which thefloor is hingedly connected, an apron pivotally associated with the bowlstructure and controlling the open front end thereof, a rigidreciprocatable member movably mounted in the frame, an arm oscillatablymounted relative to the frame and swingable in one direction to tilt andsupport the bowl floor, movement of the arm being accommodated by saidgate in the rear closure of the bowl structure, said arm being connectedwith the reciprocatable member to be impelled thereby, cable meansapplied to th reciprocatable member to move it in a direction to engagethe arm with the bowl floor, and mechanical connections between the armand the apron for causing the apron to move to expose the front of thebowl structure immediately upon movement of the reciprocatable member inthe stated direction.

10. A scraper, comprising a transportable frame having opposite sideportions rigidly connected at their upper ends by a fixed rear wallsection, there being an opening below said fixed rear wall section, thelower portion of said rear wall section hingedly carrying a dependingate for a portion of said opening, a scraper blade interposed betweensaid side portions forwardly of the rear Wall section, a relatively flatbottom plate hingedly supported adjacent said blade and having its rearportion swingable upwardly in proximity to said rear wall section andopening, the rear edge of said plate hingedly carrying an upstandinggate, the latter gate cooperating with the first-mentioned gate to closethe opening below said rear wall section when the bottom plate is in alowered position, a swingable arm mounted on the frame and movable intocontact with said bottom plate to tilt and support it, said arm movingthrough said opening and swinging the depending gate to open positionwith the bottom plate carried gate moving away therefrom, and meansassociated with said arm for swinging the same.

11. A scraper, comprising a transportable frame, an open bowl carried bythe frame, a relatively flat bottom plate Within said bowl and movablefrom a relatively flat lower position to a forwardly inclined tiltedposition, an apron pivotally mounted relative to the bowl and swingablegenerally outwardly upwardly relative to the bowl, and a unitary meansmovably mounted on the frame and normally spaced from said bottom plateand directly connected with said apron, said means being operable tofirst swing said apron and to subsequently engage the undersurface ofsaid bottom plate to tilt the same, tilting movement of the bottom platebeing accompanied by further swinging movement of the apron.

12. A scraper, comprising a transportable frame, an open bowl carried bythe frame, a relatively fiat bottom plate hingedly mounted within saidbowl and movable from a relatively flat lower position to a forwardlyinclined tilted position, an apron pivotally mounted relative to thebowl and swingable generally outwardly upwardly relative to the bowl,and a single cabl actuated means movably mounted on the frame anddirectly connected to the apron but normally spaced from said bottomplate, said means being operable to first swin said apron and tosubsequently engage the undersurface of said bottom plate to tilt thesame, tilting movement of the bottom plate being accompanied by furtherswinging movement of the apron.

13. A scraper, comprising a transportable frame, an open bowl carried bythe frame, a relatively flat bottom plate movably mounted within saidbowl and shiftable from a relatively flat lower position to a forwardlyinclined tilted position, an apron pivotally mounted relative to thebowl and swingable generally outwardly upwardly relative to the bowl,and hydraulically actuated means associated with the frame and normallyspaced from said bottom plate and directly connected with said apron,said means being operable to first swing said apron and to subsequentlyengage the undersurface of said bottom plate to tilt the same, tiltingmovement of the bottom plate being accompanied by further swingingmovement of the apron 14. In a scraper, a frame, a bowl structureincluded in a portion of the frame and open at its front end, said bowlstructure including a tiltable bowl floor and an apron pivotallyassociated with the bowl structure and controlling the open front endthereof, a cross shaft revolubly mounted on the frame, an arm fast onsaid cross shaft and swingable toward and away from the bowl floor andnormally in a position away from the bowl floor, an hydraulic jackconnected with said arm to swing the same, and connections between thecross shaft and the apron whereby turning movement of the cross shaft isimmediately effective to swing said apron relative to th bowl opening.

HENRY C. FRENCH. NORMAN V. KUEHLMAN.

